{"id":5113,"date":"2025-08-30T11:21:20","date_gmt":"2025-08-30T08:21:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/?p=5113"},"modified":"2025-08-30T11:48:22","modified_gmt":"2025-08-30T08:48:22","slug":"antidiouritiki-ormoni-adh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/antidiouritiki-ormoni-adh\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u039f\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 (ADH) \u2013 \u03a1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03a0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 &#038; \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 | \u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u039b\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"toc\" style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; background: #f9f9f9; font-size: 16px;\">\n<p><strong><!-- \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u039c\u039f\u039d\u039f \u03c4\u03bf\n\n\n\n<details> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 TOC \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd Section 15 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc --><\/strong><\/p>\n<details style=\"margin: 14px 0; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 10px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<details style=\"margin: 14px 0; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 10px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<summary style=\"font-weight: bold; font-size: 18px; cursor: pointer;\">\ud83d\udcd6 \u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (TOC)<\/summary>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 10px; padding-left: 20px; line-height: 1.6;\">\n<li><a href=\"#ti-einai-adh\">1. \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 ADH<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#paragogi-fysiologia\">2. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae &amp; \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ypodoxeis\">3. \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 ADH &amp; \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#isosygio-nerou\">4. ADH &amp; \u0399\u03c3\u03bf\u03b6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf \u038e\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#stimuli\">5. \u03a9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac &amp; \u03bc\u03b7-\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#adh-diabetes-insipidus\">6. ADH &amp; \u0386\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#hyponatremia\">7. ADH &amp; \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#adh-siadh\">8. \u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u0391\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u0388\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 ADH (SIADH)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#farmaka\">9. \u03a6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#adh-kai-egkymosyni\">10. ADH &amp; \u0395\u03b3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#adh-kai-nefroi\">11. ADH &amp; \u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#adh-kardia\">12. ADH &amp; \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03a3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#adh-psixi\">13. ADH &amp; \u03a8\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03a5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#therapeies\">14. \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#adh-toc\">15. Mobile TOC &amp; Cheatsheets<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#adh-faq\">16. \u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u0395\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (FAQ)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#adh-biblio\">17. \u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"ti-einai-adh\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\ud83d\udd2c \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 ADH (\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u039f\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7);<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 (ADH)<\/strong>, \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2<br \/>\n<em>\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/em>, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae <strong>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong><br \/>\n\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd.<br \/>\n\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf<\/strong> (\u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2)<br \/>\n\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd <strong>\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b2\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7),<br \/>\n\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 <strong>\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03ac<\/strong><br \/>\n\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 <strong>\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><br \/>\n\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1. \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 \u00ab\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc<br \/>\n\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03b1\u03c6\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <strong>\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #1976d2; border-radius: 10px; padding: 15px; margin: 20px 0; background: #e3f2fd;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u2139\ufe0f Clinical Pearl<\/h3>\n<p>\u0397 ADH \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 <strong>\u03b1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong>,<br \/>\n\u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc<\/strong> \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd<br \/>\n<em>aquaporin-2<\/em>. \u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9<br \/>\n\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0397 \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ae \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 ADH \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2,<br \/>\n\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf <strong>\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae ADH) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf<br \/>\n<strong>\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 ADH \u2013 SIADH<\/strong> (\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 ADH).<br \/>\n\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9<br \/>\n\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"paragogi\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\ud83e\udde0 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae &amp; \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH (\u0392\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7)<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 <strong>ADH (\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7)<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5<br \/>\n\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 <strong>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong>.<br \/>\n\u0397 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03b1<br \/>\n<em>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/em> \u03bf\u03b4\u03cc \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Infobox Anatomy --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 16px; background: #fafafa; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\udded \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 (Mobile-friendly summary)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03a5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 (SON) &amp; \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 (PVN) \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong>: \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf-\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0386\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong>: \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (<em>hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039d\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> (\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b2\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2): \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 &amp; \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\ud83e\uddec \u0392\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7: \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf-\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7<\/h3>\n<p>\u0397 ADH \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c9\u03c2 <strong>\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf-\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc-\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> (<em>pre-pro-vasopressin<\/em>) \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc<br \/>\n\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (SON\/PVN). \u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9<br \/>\n\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"padding-left: 20px;\">\n<li><strong>ADH<\/strong> (\u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03b5\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039d\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 II<\/strong> (\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2\/\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 &amp; \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> (C-\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 <strong>\u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 Golgi<\/strong>, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf-\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5<br \/>\n<em>ADH + \u039d\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 II + \u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/em> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03bf\u03ba\u03ba\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Process Infobox --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #1976d2; background: #e3f2fd; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<p><strong>Flow (\u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1-\u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 <em>pre-pro-vasopressin<\/em> (ER) \u2192 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u00absignal peptide\u00bb.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 <em>pro-vasopressin<\/em> (ADH + \u039d\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 II + \u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 (Golgi) \u2192 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u2192 \u03ba\u03bf\u03ba\u03ba\u03af\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 ~1\u20134 mm\/\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1 (Herring bodies) \u2192 \u0391\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u2019 \u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\ud83d\ude9a \u0391\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac &amp; \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03ba\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd <strong>ADH\/\u039d\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 II\/\u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<br \/>\n<em>\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd<\/em> \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7<br \/>\n<strong>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong>, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 <strong>\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<\/strong> \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<h3>\u26a1 \u0397\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u2192 \u0388\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/h3>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <strong>\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2<\/strong> \u03ae<br \/>\n<strong>\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2<\/strong>) \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af <strong>\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae Ca\u00b2\u207a<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9<br \/>\n<strong>\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03be\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03ba\u03ba\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7 \u2192 <strong>\u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> ADH (\u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5<br \/>\n\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7) \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Copeptin box --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1px dashed #9c27b0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #f8e9ff; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\uddea \u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u0397 <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 <em>\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7<\/em> \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1.<br \/>\n\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 <strong>\u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 ADH (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2<br \/>\n<em>water deprivation<\/em> \/ \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf NaCl).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u23f1\ufe0f \u03a6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae &amp; \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 (~15\u201320 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong>: \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ae\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1 &amp; \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a4\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u2191 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u2193 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\/\u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03b9\u03c1\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03bd\u03c5\u03c7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- Receptors overview (physiology context; \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2) --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #4caf50; background: #e8f5e9; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<p><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 (overview):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li><strong>V2<\/strong> (\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af, \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1): \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 <em>cAMP \u2192 AQP2<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V1a<\/strong> (\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03af\/\u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af\/\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af): \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V1b<\/strong> (\u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b2\u03cc\u03c2): \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 ACTH\/\u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\"><em>\u039b\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf Section.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\ud83d\udc76 \u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u0395\u03b3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong>: \u2191 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 ADH \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae <em>vasopressinase<\/em> \u2192 \u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 ADH\/\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0393\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd &amp; \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03b3\u03bd\u03ac\/\u03a0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac<\/strong>: \u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u2192 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bb \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- Clinical Pearl --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #ff9800; border-radius: 10px; padding: 14px; margin: 20px 0; background: #fff3e0;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udca1 Clinical Pearl<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u0397 <strong>ADH \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <em>\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac<\/em>. \u0395\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae,<br \/>\n\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 <strong>\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\ud83d\udccc TL;DR (\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03cc)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf \u2192 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u2192 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li>\u0395\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2\/\u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bc\u03b5 <strong>\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf t<sub>1\/2<\/sub><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 = \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"leitourgies\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\u2699\ufe0f \u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 &amp; \u039c\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u0394\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 <strong>ADH (\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7)<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd<br \/>\n<strong>V2, V1a, V1b<\/strong>, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b6\u03b5\u03c5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5<br \/>\n\u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u0390\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 G (<em>GPCRs<\/em>). \u0397 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/strong> \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2<br \/>\n\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd <strong>V2<\/strong>, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b7 <strong>\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\/\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong> \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7<br \/>\n\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 <strong>V1a<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>V1b<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Responsive table --><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 680px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u039a\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u0398\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u0390\u03bd\u03b7 G<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u039a\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>V2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 (\u03b1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ac\u03c0\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">Gs<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 cAMP \u2192 PKA \u2192 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03c6. AQP2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc (AQP2) \u2022 \u2191 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (UT-A1\/UT-A3) \u2022 \u2191 medullary tonicity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>V1a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03ae\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1, \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">Gq\/11<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">PLC \u2192 IP<sub>3<\/sub>\/DAG \u2192 \u2191 Ca<sup>2+<\/sup><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u2022 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u2022 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2\/\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>V1b<\/strong> (V3)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03b1)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">Gq\/11<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">PLC \u2192 IP<sub>3<\/sub>\/DAG<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u2191 ACTH \u03bc\u03b5 CRH \u2192 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 (HPA)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\ud83d\udca7 \u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 V2: AQP2 &amp; \u00ab\u03c5\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u00bb<\/h3>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 <strong>V2<\/strong> \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af<br \/>\n\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u2192 \u2191 <strong>cAMP<\/strong> \u2192 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>PKA<\/strong>.<br \/>\n\u0397 PKA \u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u0390\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u00ab\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2\u00bb \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 <strong>\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd<br \/>\nAQP2<\/strong> (Aquaporin-2) \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong>. \u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u0391\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1<\/strong> \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc (\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd).<\/li>\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong> \u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 <em>AQP2<\/em> (\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae).<\/li>\n<li>\u0397 ADH \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 <strong>\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 (UT-A1\/UT-A3), \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd<br \/>\n<strong>\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u2192 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #1976d2; background: #e3f2fd; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<p><strong>Flow \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1-\u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li>ADH \u2194 V2 (\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\/\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7).<\/li>\n<li>Gs \u2192 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u2192 \u2191 cAMP \u2192 PKA.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a6\u03c9\u03c3\u03c6. \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u2192 <em>exocytosis<\/em> \u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd AQP2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li>\u2191 H<sub>2<\/sub>O influx \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03cc \u2192 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf \u2192 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 AQP3\/4 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7 \u2192 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1: \u2191 UT-A1\/UT-A3 (\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1) &amp; \u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 <em>medullary countercurrent<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\ud83e\uddea \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cd\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae ADH<\/strong> \u2192 <strong>\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1<\/strong> (\u2191 U<sub>osm<\/sub>), <strong>\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong> \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae ADH<\/strong> \u03ae <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> (\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 DI) \u2192 <strong>\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1<\/strong> (\u2193 U<sub>osm<\/sub>), <strong>\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2: <strong>\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong> (\u2248 275\u2013295 mOsm\/kg).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\ud83e\udec0 \u0391\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 &amp; \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (V1a)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>V1a<\/strong> \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 IP<sub>3<\/sub>-\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5<br \/>\n\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03c5\u03ca\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd. \u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 <strong>\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/strong><br \/>\n\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 <em>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\/\u03c3\u03bf\u03ba<\/em>.<br \/>\n\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong>, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 (\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae<br \/>\n\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 (\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2\/\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2).<\/p>\n<h3>\ud83e\uddef \u0386\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 HPA (V1b\/V3)<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b7 ADH \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 <strong>V1b<\/strong> \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 <strong>\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf CRH<\/strong><br \/>\n\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>ACTH<\/strong>, \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b6\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2.<br \/>\n\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u00ab\u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2\u00bb (CRH+ADH) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Clinical Pearls --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #ff9800; border-radius: 10px; padding: 14px; margin: 20px 0; background: #fff3e0;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udca1 Clinical Pearls<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\/\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae ADH, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 V2\/AQP2<\/strong> \u2192 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cd\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 ADH \u2192 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 <em>\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/em> (V2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae ADH<\/strong> (SIADH): \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u2192 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vaptans<\/strong> (\u03c0.\u03c7. <em>tolvaptan<\/em>): \u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 V2 \u2192 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd <em>aquaresis<\/em> (\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Mini math --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #4caf50; background: #e8f5e9; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<p><strong>Concept: \u00ab\u0395\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03cd\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 0;\">\u0397 ADH \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf <em>clearance \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/em> (C<sub>H2O<\/sub>), \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd<br \/>\n\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae ADH, \u03c4\u03bf C<sub>H2O<\/sub> \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/strong><br \/>\n(\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd), \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\ud83e\udde9 \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u0395\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>NaCl \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7 (TAL) \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 <em>NKCC2<\/em>\/ROMK,<br \/>\n\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <em>countercurrent multiplication<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf <strong>\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2-\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2-\u03b1\u03bb\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 (RAAS)<\/strong> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\/\u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\ud83d\udccc TL;DR (mobile)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>V2 \u2192 cAMP\/PKA \u2192 AQP2<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7 \u2192 \u2191 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 H<sub>2<\/sub>O \u2192 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cd\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V1a<\/strong> \u2192 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 &amp; \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. <strong>V1b<\/strong> \u2192 \u2191 ACTH (\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2).<\/li>\n<li>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2: \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2\/\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 DI &amp; SIADH. \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, vaptans.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"elegxos\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-5119 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae-\u039f\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7-ADH--320x213.jpg\" alt=\"\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u039f\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 (ADH) - \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\" width=\"320\" height=\"213\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae-\u039f\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7-ADH--320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae-\u039f\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7-ADH--1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae-\u039f\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7-ADH--768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae-\u039f\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7-ADH--540x360.jpg 540w, https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae-\u039f\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7-ADH-.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><\/h2>\n<h2>\ud83e\udded \u03a1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0388\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <strong>ADH (\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2)<\/strong> \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2:<br \/>\n<strong>\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf<\/strong> (\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\/\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf<\/strong><br \/>\n(\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2\/\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2). \u0394\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <strong>\u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong> (RAAS, \u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1),<br \/>\n<strong>\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong>, <strong>\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>, <strong>\u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong> (\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1).<\/p>\n<p><!-- Mobile-friendly summary cards --><\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\uddc2 \u03a9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u0391\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong> (~275\u2013295 mOsm\/kg).<br \/>\n<em>\u0391\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/em> \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u21d2 <strong>\u2191 ADH<\/strong> &amp; <strong>\u03b4\u03af\u03c8\u03b1<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\ude78 \u0392\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2\/\u039f\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u0391\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u2193 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\/\u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9, \u03b1\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc\u03be\u03bf, \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2).<br \/>\n\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae <em>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/em> \u21d2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>\u2191 ADH<\/strong>, \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>1) \u03a9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u0388\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 (\u039a\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u00ab\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2\u00bb)<\/h3>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 <strong>\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf (\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\/OVLT \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2<br \/>\n\u00ab\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b1\u03c2\u00bb) \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong>.<br \/>\n\u0391\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>1\u20132%<\/strong> \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 ADH.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u2191 \u03a9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong> (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2) \u2192 <strong>\u2191 ADH<\/strong> + <strong>\u03b4\u03af\u03c8\u03b1<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u2193 \u03a9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong> (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd) \u2192 <strong>\u2193 ADH<\/strong> \u2192 <em>\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0397 <strong>\u03b4\u03af\u03c8\u03b1<\/strong> \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac: \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u00ab\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03c6\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u00bb \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #1976d2; background: #e3f2fd; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 16px 0;\"><strong>\u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf:<\/strong> \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 ~<strong>275\u2013295 mOsm\/kg<\/strong>.<br \/>\n\u0397 ADH \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 <em>\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/em> \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03af <em>\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af<\/em> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 (\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\/\u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\/\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2)<br \/>\n\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9.<\/div>\n<h3>2) \u0391\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2\/\u039f\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u0388\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 (\u039f \u00ab\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2\u00bb)<\/h3>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 <strong>\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9, \u03b1\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc\u03be\u03bf) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 <strong>\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2,<br \/>\n\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ad\u03b2\u03b5\u03c2) \u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf<\/strong>.<br \/>\n\u039c\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac ~<strong>5\u201310%<\/strong> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>\u2191 ADH<\/strong>,<br \/>\n\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u00ab\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u00bb \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1).<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u2192 \u2191 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u2191 RAAS, <strong>\u2191 ADH<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> (\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2) \u2192 <strong>\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1<\/strong> \u2192 <strong>\u2193 ADH<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- Responsive table of stimuli --><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 720px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u0395\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 ADH<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 \u03a9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2191 Na<sup>+<\/sup>)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u2191<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u00ab\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2\u00bb \u2013 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2193 \u0395\u03bd\u03b4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2\/\u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u2191\u2191<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0399\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc \u03bc\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u2013 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039d\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1, \u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u2191<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u00ab\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b2\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u00bb \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2\/\u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u2191<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039c\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cc\u03bb (\u03b1\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u2193<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac ADH \u2192 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">MDMA\/\u03ad\u03ba\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, SSRIs<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u2191<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 SIADH\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039b\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae <em>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/em> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH (\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 DI).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h3>3) \u039f\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2\/\u039d\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>RAAS<\/strong> (\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 II): \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>ADH<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03af\u03c8\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039d\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1<\/strong> (ANP\/BNP): <strong>\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd<\/strong> \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>CRH\/\u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 HPA<\/strong>: \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 <strong>ADH<\/strong> (V1b \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ACTH).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4) \u03a6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 &amp; \u039f\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u0395\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH.<br \/>\n\u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> \u03ae <strong>\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Two-column responsive list --><\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 300px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udd3a \u0391\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd ADH\/\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>SSRIs\/SNRIs<\/strong>, \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong>, \u03bf\u03be\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a7\u03bb\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7<\/strong>, \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 (IV)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong>, \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/li>\n<li><strong>MDMA<\/strong>, \u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/li>\n<li><strong>NSAIDs<\/strong> (\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u2192 \u2191 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 ADH)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 300px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udd3b \u039c\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd ADH\/\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cc\u03bb<\/strong> (\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039b\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf<\/strong> (\u2193 AQP2, \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 DI)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> (\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-ADH \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1)<\/li>\n<li>\u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u03a5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 (\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1) \u2013 <em>aquaresis<\/em> \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>5) \u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u0395\u03b3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae <em>vasopressinase<\/em> \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH \u2192 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <em>\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1<\/em> ADH\u00b7 \u03b7 <strong>\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> (dDAVP) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd vasopressinase.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0393\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u00ab\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03c9\u03c6\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u00bb \u03b4\u03af\u03c8\u03b1\u03c2\/ADH \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039d\u03cd\u03c7\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong>: \u03ae\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1 \u2191 ADH \u2192 \u2193 \u03bd\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 (\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- Algorithm box --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #4caf50; background: #e8f5e9; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<p><strong>Mini-\u0391\u03bb\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2: \u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u00ab\u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u00bb \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af ADH;<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li>\u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 &gt; ~295 mOsm\/kg; \u2192 <strong>\u039d\u03b1\u03b9<\/strong> \u21d2 \u2191 ADH.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u2193 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2\/\u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 (\u22655\u201310%); \u2192 <strong>\u039d\u03b1\u03b9<\/strong> \u21d2 \u2191\u2191 ADH (\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\/\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1; \u2192 <strong>\u039d\u03b1\u03b9<\/strong> \u21d2 \u2191 ADH \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae \u2193 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u2192 <strong>\u2193 ADH<\/strong> (\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc \u03bc\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Clinical pearls --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #ff9800; border-radius: 10px; padding: 14px; margin: 20px 0; background: #fff3e0;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udca1 Clinical Pearls<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a3\u03b5 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03b7 ADH \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039d\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 ADH \u2192 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1<\/strong> (SSRIs, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 SIADH.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cc\u03bb<\/strong> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae <em>\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/em> \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 ADH.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\ud83d\udccc TL;DR (mobile)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2<\/strong>: \u00ab\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ae\u00bb \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u2013 \u2191 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u21d2 \u2191 ADH.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0392\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u00aboverride\u00bb \u2013 \u2193 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2\/\u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u21d2 \u2191\u2191 ADH.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039f\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2\/\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2\/\u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u00ab\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03be\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2\u00bb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"pathiseis\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\ud83e\udde9 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH<\/h2>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <strong>\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 (ADH)<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7\/\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<br \/>\n(\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2) \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 <strong>\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1-\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>, \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><br \/>\n\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 <strong>\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>. \u039a\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u0386\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (Central DI)<\/strong>: <em>\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 ADH<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u0386\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (Nephrogenic DI)<\/strong>: <em>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd<\/em> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1 (Primary Polydipsia)<\/strong>: <em>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd<\/em> \u2192 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae ADH.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SIADH<\/strong> (Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH Secretion): <em>\u03b1\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/em> ADH \u2192 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (vasopressinase), \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- Quick differential infobox --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #1976d2; background: #e3f2fd; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<p><strong>\u0393\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7 \u0394\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 (pattern):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li><em>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 (&gt;3 L\/\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1) + \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae U<sub>osm<\/sub><\/em> \u2192 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5 DI (\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\/\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2) \u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><em>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 + \u00ab\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u00bb \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1<\/em> \u2192 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5 SIADH \u03ae \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u2191 ADH.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>5.1 \u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u0386\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (Central DI)<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2\/\u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 ADH<\/strong> (\u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5-\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2).<br \/>\n\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2: \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2\/\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2,<br \/>\n\u03c6\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2\/\u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 (\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c6\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7), \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bd\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1. \u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 <em>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em> \u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong>: \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae <strong>U<sub>osm<\/sub><\/strong> (\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 &lt;300 mOsm\/kg), <strong>U<sub>sg<\/sub><\/strong> \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc (&lt;1.005), \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\/\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae <strong>P<sub>Na<\/sub><\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>P<sub>osm<\/sub><\/strong> \u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong> + <strong>\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>: <em>\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2<\/em> U<sub>osm<\/sub> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac dDAVP \u2192 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 <strong>\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/strong> DI.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5.2 \u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u0386\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (Nephrogenic DI)<\/h3>\n<p>\u039f\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH (V2\/AQP2 pathway).<br \/>\n\u0391\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1: \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (AVPR2, AQP2), <strong>\u03bb\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf<\/strong>, \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1, <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>,<br \/>\n\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u0392, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1-\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 (\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2) \u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\/\u0397\u039a\u039d.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong>: <strong>\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae U<sub>osm<\/sub><\/strong> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\/\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae ADH\/\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae dDAVP<\/strong>: <em>\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2<\/em> \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 U<sub>osm<\/sub> (&lt;50\u201310% \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae) \u2192 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 <strong>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae<\/strong> DI.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5.3 \u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1 (Primary\/psychogenic polydipsia)<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae <strong>\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong> \u2192 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae ADH \u2192 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1<\/strong>. \u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5<br \/>\n\u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ae \u00ab\u03c5\u03b3\u03b9\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2\u00bb \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2. \u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7<br \/>\n\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong>: \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae P<sub>osm<\/sub>, \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae U<sub>osm<\/sub>, \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\/\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 ADH\/\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae <em>\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7<\/em> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH \u2192 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 U<sub>osm<\/sub> \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 dDAVP.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- Comparison table --><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 760px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u039f\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">P<sub>Na<\/sub> \/ P<sub>osm<\/sub><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">U<sub>osm<\/sub><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">ADH\/\u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u0391\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 dDAVP<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 DI<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 \u03ae N (\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae (&lt;300)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u2191\u2191<\/strong> U<sub>osm<\/sub> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac dDAVP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 DI<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 \u03ae N<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae (&lt;300)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb.\/\u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae\/\u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u2191 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (\u00b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 dDAVP)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Test methods --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 16px; background: #fafafa; margin: 20px 0;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udd2c \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 (overview)<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, P<sub>Na<\/sub>\/P<sub>osm<\/sub>, U<sub>osm<\/sub>. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 U<sub>osm<\/sub>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 NaCl<\/strong> \u03ae <strong>\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03bd\u03b7-stimulation<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd DI vs \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 MRI<\/strong> \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5: \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd DI.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>5.4 SIADH \u2013 \u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u0391\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u0388\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 ADH<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <strong>\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> ADH \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac <strong>\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9<br \/>\n\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae <strong>\u03b5\u03c5\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>, \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5 \u00ab\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u00bb \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Causes two-column --><\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\udda0 \/ \ud83e\udde0 \u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u039a\u039d\u03a3<\/strong>: \u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03be\u03b7, \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1, \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9, \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, \u03c6\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong>: <em>\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1<\/em> (\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b7 ADH), \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/strong>: \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\/\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0395\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong>: \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 (\u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udc8a \u03a6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>SSRIs\/SNRIs<\/strong>, \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\/\u039f\u03be\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong>, \u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03ba\u03cc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 (IV)<\/strong>, \u03b2\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a7\u03bb\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7, \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li><strong>MDMA<\/strong>, \u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7; <strong>NSAIDs<\/strong> \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 ADH.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u039a\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 (\u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac)<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5 <strong>\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae P<sub>osm<\/sub><\/strong> (&lt;275 mOsm\/kg).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039f\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1 \u00ab\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u00bb \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<\/strong>: U<sub>osm<\/sub> &gt;100 mOsm\/kg \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>U<sub>Na<\/sub> &gt;30\u201340 mmol\/L<\/strong> (\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 Na).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c5\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> (\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bf\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\/\u03b1\u03c6\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2\/\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2\/\u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 720px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">Pattern \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u038c\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">U<sub>osm<\/sub><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">U<sub>Na<\/sub><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>SIADH<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03c5\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">&gt;100<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">&gt;30\u201340<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2\/\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\/\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">&gt;100<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">&gt;30 (\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2) \/ &lt;20 (\u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">ADH \u2191 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u2193 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">&gt;100<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac\/\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\/\u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\/\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 (\u2193 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03c5\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">&lt;100<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1, \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd (\u00abbeer potomania\u00bb).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Algorithm --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #4caf50; background: #e8f5e9; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<p><strong>Mini-\u0391\u03bb\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (ADH-centric):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae P<sub>osm<\/sub><\/strong> (&lt;275).<\/li>\n<li>\u0388\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03be\u03b5 <strong>U<sub>osm<\/sub><\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>&lt;100 \u2192 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae ADH (\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\/\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2).<\/li>\n<li>&gt;100 \u2192 ADH \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae: \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf &amp; <strong>U<sub>Na<\/sub><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u038c\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 &amp; <strong>U<sub>Na<\/sub><\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>\u0395\u03c5\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 + U<sub>Na<\/sub>&gt;30 \u2192 <strong>SIADH<\/strong> (\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b8\u03c5\u03c1.\/\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u2192 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd (\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 vs \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u2192 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\/\u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\/\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<h3>5.5 \u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae <em>vasopressinase<\/em> \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH \u2192 <em>\u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7-\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 DI<\/em>. \u0397 <strong>\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd vasopressinase.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\/\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\/\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2\/\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u2192 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc SIADH pattern.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0397\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9<\/strong>: \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cd\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf-\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac<\/strong>: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae DI vs \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- Clinical Pearls --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #ff9800; border-radius: 10px; padding: 14px; margin: 20px 0; background: #fff3e0;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udca1 Clinical Pearls<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u0397 <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 <em>\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd DI<\/em> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <em>\u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1<\/em> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 NaCl\/\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03b5 <strong>SIADH<\/strong>, \u03b7 <em>\u03b5\u03c5\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/em> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 <strong>U<sub>osm<\/sub>&gt;100<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5 <strong>U<sub>Na<\/sub>&gt;30<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u00ab\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u00bb \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039b\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 <em>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 DI<\/em> \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u2193 AQP2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\ud83d\udccc TL;DR (mobile)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>DI<\/strong> = \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae U<sub>osm<\/sub> \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1: \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 (\u2193 ADH) vs \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 (\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae). \u0397 dDAVP \u00ab\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u00bb \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>: \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae ADH \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u2013 U<sub>osm<\/sub> \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae, P<sub>osm<\/sub> \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SIADH<\/strong>: \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1, U<sub>osm<\/sub>&gt;100, U<sub>Na<\/sub>&gt;30, \u03b5\u03c5\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c5\u03c1.\/\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #555; margin-top: 18px;\"><em>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"exetaseis\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\ud83e\uddea \u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u0395\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 ADH (\u0392\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2) &amp; \u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <strong>ADH<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1<\/strong> (\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9<br \/>\n<em>\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\/\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd<\/em>) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<br \/>\n<em>ADH<\/em> \u03ae <em>\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/em>. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b7, \u03b7 <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9<br \/>\n<strong>\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03ac \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 ADH.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Pre-analytical --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 16px; background: #fafafa; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\uddf0 \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u2013 \u03a4\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03be\u03c9<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>, <strong>\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2\/\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac), <strong>\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2\/\u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH.<\/li>\n<li><strong>ADH (\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1)<\/strong>: \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 <em>EDTA<\/em> \u03ae <em>heparin<\/em>, <strong>\u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong> \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1, \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7,<br \/>\n\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c8\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0397 ADH \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 <em>\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2<\/em> \u2192 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c1\u03ae \u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong>: \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf <em>\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae<\/em>, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1: <strong>Na<sup>+<\/sup> \u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong>, <strong>P<sub>osm<\/sub><\/strong> (\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ae\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7),<br \/>\n<strong>U<sub>osm<\/sub><\/strong>, <strong>U<sub>Na<\/sub><\/strong>, <strong>\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong>,<br \/>\n<strong>\u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 24\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong> (\u03b5\u03c6\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH (\u03c0.\u03c7. <em>SSRIs, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03bb\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, NSAIDs<\/em>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- What we measure --><\/p>\n<h3>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>ADH (\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1)<\/strong> \u03ae\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> (\u03bf\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2\/\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039d\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong>, <strong>\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong>, <strong>\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1: <strong>24\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong> &gt;3 L (\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2) \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- Methods --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83d\udd2c \u039c\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>ADH<\/strong>: \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 (RIA\/ELISA\/\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1). <em>\u039c\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1:<\/em> \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong>: sandwich \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. <em>\u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1:<\/em> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- Baseline vs dynamic --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #1976d2; background: #e3f2fd; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<p><strong>\u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae vs \u0394\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 0;\">\u03a3\u03b5 <em>\u03ae\u03c0\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2\/\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd<\/em> \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 <strong>\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf NaCl \u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2)<br \/>\n\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>U<sub>osm<\/sub><\/strong> \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Water deprivation --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83d\udeb1 \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u038e\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae)<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2: \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 ADH \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<br \/>\n\u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd<\/strong> (\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1!).<\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 12px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 340px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf (\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7)<\/h4>\n<ol style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ae <strong>\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> &amp; <strong>\u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03bd\u03ac \u03ce\u03c1\u03b1: <strong>U<sub>osm<\/sub><\/strong>, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 <strong>P<sub>Na<\/sub>\/P<sub>osm<\/sub><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u039a\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2: \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 (~3%), \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae P<sub>osm<\/sub>\/Na.<\/li>\n<li><strong>dDAVP<\/strong> (\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7) \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u2192 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 U<sub>osm<\/sub> (1\u20132 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 340px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u0395\u03c1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 (pattern)<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 DI<\/strong>: \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae U<sub>osm<\/sub> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u2192 <strong>\u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u2191<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac dDAVP.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 DI<\/strong>: \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae U<sub>osm<\/sub> \u2192 <strong>\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 dDAVP.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>: \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u2191 U<sub>osm<\/sub> \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 dDAVP).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #555; margin-top: 6px;\"><em>\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc.: \u0397 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u00ab\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u00bb \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cd\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03bf\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u0387<br \/>\n\u03b3\u03b9\u2019 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!-- Hypertonic saline --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83d\udc89 \u03a5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u0388\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 NaCl + \u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/h3>\n<p>\u0395\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>3% NaCl<\/strong> \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf <strong>Na \u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7<br \/>\n<strong>\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong>. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong>: \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 <em>\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd DI vs \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>, \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 Na, \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0395\u03c1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> (\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac): <em>\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae<\/em> \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u2192 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 <strong>\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc DI<\/strong>\u00b7<br \/>\n<em>\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae<\/em> \u2192 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 <strong>\u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>. <span style=\"color: #555;\">(\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\/\u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf-\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1.)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- Arginine --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83e\uddf7 \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u0391\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 + \u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/h3>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\/\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1: <strong>\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c6\u03bb\u03ad\u03b2\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2.<br \/>\n\u03a3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (\u03c0.\u03c7. 0\u201360\u2032). \u03a7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #555; margin-top: 6px;\"><em>\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7:<\/em> \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 &amp; \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf <strong>\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9<br \/>\n\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd <strong>\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b9\u03c4<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Pattern table --><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 760px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u039f\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">P<sub>Na<\/sub>\/P<sub>osm<\/sub><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">U<sub>osm<\/sub> (\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\/\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">ADH\/\u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\/\u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b7)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u0391\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 dDAVP<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 DI<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 \u03ae N (\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u2192 <em>\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae<\/em> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><em>\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae<\/em> \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <em>\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae<\/em> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u2191<\/strong> U<sub>osm<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 DI<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 \u03ae N<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u2192 <em>\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae<\/em><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><em>\u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\/\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae<\/em> (\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u2191<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><em>\u0391\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9<\/em> \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><em>\u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2<\/em> \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7 \u2191 (\u03ae\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03cc\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>SIADH<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae P<sub>osm<\/sub>\/Na (\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">&gt;100 mOsm\/kg (\u00ab\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u00bb \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><em>\u039c\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7<\/em> ADH\/\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd P<sub>osm<\/sub><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Pitfalls --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #ff9800; border-radius: 10px; padding: 14px; margin: 20px 0; background: #fff3e0;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u26a0\ufe0f \u03a0\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 &amp; \u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03a3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> (ADH \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1) \u2192 \u03c8\u03b5\u03c5\u03b4\u03ce\u03c2 <em>\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae<\/em> ADH.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\/\u03bb\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\/NSAIDs<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae <em>vasopressinase<\/em> \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae ADH \u2192 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 <strong>\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2\/\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cd\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ae\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf DI.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Reporting --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83d\udcc4 \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac &amp; \u0395\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7 \u03a4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 <strong>\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2<\/strong> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 ADH\/\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 <strong>\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2<br \/>\n\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf-\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1<\/strong>. \u03a0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 <strong>\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong><br \/>\n\u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 <strong>\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae<\/strong> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b9\u03c4 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p><!-- TLDR --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83d\udccc TL;DR (mobile)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5 P<sub>Na<\/sub>\/P<sub>osm<\/sub>, U<sub>osm<\/sub>, U<sub>Na<\/sub> \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 ADH\/\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 ADH (\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Water deprivation<\/strong> + dDAVP: \u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7. <strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf NaCl\/\u0391\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 + \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong>: \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7,<br \/>\n\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 <em>\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd DI<\/em> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <em>\u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #555; margin-top: 18px;\"><em>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\/\u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"adh-diabetes-insipidus\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\ud83d\udca7 ADH \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0386\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (DI): \u03a0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u0394\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/h2>\n<p>\u039f <strong>\u0386\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (Diabetes Insipidus, DI)<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf <strong>\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\u2013\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9<br \/>\n\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc DI<\/strong>: <em>\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2\/\u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/em> ADH (\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2\/\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 DI<\/strong>: <em>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/em> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH (V2\/AQP2 pathway).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0394\u03b9\u03c8\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2\/\u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>: \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae ADH (\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- Mobile cards --><\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 14px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 300px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udd0e \u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u0395\u03bd\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2: &gt; <strong>3 L\/24h<\/strong> \u03ae &gt;50 mL\/kg\/24h \u2022 \u03a0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac: &gt;2 L\/m\u00b2\/24h.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 300px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\uddea \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc Pattern<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae <strong>U<sub>osm<\/sub><\/strong> (&lt;300 mOsm\/kg) \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\/\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae <strong>P<sub>Na<\/sub><\/strong> \u03ae \u2191 <strong>P<sub>osm<\/sub><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>7.1 \u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u0386\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (CDI)<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <strong>\u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\/\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7: \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 ADH.<\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 10px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 340px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u0391\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u0399\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2\/\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 (\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li>\u038c\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9: \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b3\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac <strong>\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03ae <strong>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf<\/strong> (\u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf: DI \u2192 SIADH \u2192 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 DI).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a6\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2\/\u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2: \u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c6\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li>\u0399\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03be\u03af\u03b1, Sheehan-like \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 340px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u0388\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 <strong>\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u2013\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd, <strong>\u03bd\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\/\u03b1\u03c6\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u039d\u03a3 (\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bb\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>7.2 \u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u0386\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (NDI)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0395\u03b4\u03ce, \u03b7 ADH <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bf \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ce\u03c2.<\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 10px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 340px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u0391\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1<\/strong>: <em>\u03bb\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf<\/em> (\u2193 AQP2), \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u0392, \u03c3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li>\u0397\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2: <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>, <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 <em>AVPR2<\/em> (V2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2, \u03a7-\u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03cc\u03c3.) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <em>AQP2<\/em> (\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 340px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u038c\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 CDI (\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u2013\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1), \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd\/\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Diagnostic algorithm --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #4caf50; background: #e8f5e9; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 20px 0;\">\n<p><strong>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u0391\u03bb\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 (\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> (24\u03c9\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1 &gt;3 L, \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 &lt;1.005).<\/li>\n<li>\u0388\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03be\u03b5 <strong>P<sub>Na<\/sub>\/P<sub>osm<\/sub>, U<sub>osm<\/sub>, U<sub>Na<\/sub><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03bd <strong>U<sub>osm<\/sub> &lt; 300<\/strong> \u2192 <em>DI \u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1<\/em>:\n<ul>\n<li>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae <strong>\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong> \u00b1 <strong>dDAVP<\/strong> <em>\u03ae<\/em> \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf NaCl\/\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>CDI<\/strong>: \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\/ADH, \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u2191 U<sub>osm<\/sub> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac dDAVP.<\/li>\n<li><strong>NDI<\/strong>: \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb.\/\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\/ADH, <em>\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7<\/em> \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 dDAVP.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>: \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae P<sub>osm<\/sub>, U<sub>osm<\/sub> \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03b5 CDI: <strong>MRI \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u03a3\u03b5 NDI: \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd\/\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\/\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Treatment overview --><\/p>\n<h3>7.3 \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/h3>\n<p>\u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2: <strong>\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc<\/strong>, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; margin: 14px 0;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 820px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u0388\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u0394\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (dDAVP)<\/strong> \u2013 \u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\/\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2\/SC<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <strong>CDI<\/strong>. \u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 <em>\u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7-\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 DI<\/em> (\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 vasopressinase).<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1-\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd. \u0395\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u00ab<em>as-needed<\/em>\u00bb \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7\/\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u0398\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong> (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03c5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bb\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b4\u03b7)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039c\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <strong>NDI<\/strong> (\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf CDI \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2).<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u00ab\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03be\u03b7\u00bb \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7: \u03ae\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 GFR\/\u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 Na\/H<sub>2<\/sub>O \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0395\u0395\u03a3. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>K<sup>+<\/sup><\/strong>, Na<sup>+<\/sup>, \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u0391\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03bb\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf-\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf NDI<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf Li<sup>+<\/sup> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>NSAIDs<\/strong> (\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <strong>NDI<\/strong> (\u2193 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 ADH).<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\/\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u00b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ce \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u0394\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong> (\u2193 Na, \u2193 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u0390\u03bd\u03b7)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039c\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 <em>obligatory solute load<\/em> \u2192 \u2193 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>NDI<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd\/\u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Desmopressin practicals --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #1976d2; background: #e3f2fd; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<p><strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (CDI):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li><em>\u039f\u03b4\u03cc\u03c2<\/em>: \u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u00b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2\/\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><em>\u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2<\/em>: \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\/\u03bd\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><em>\u039f\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/em>: \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>Na \u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\/\u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><em>\u039a\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/em>: \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 dDAVP (\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae <em>vasopressinase<\/em>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Safety box --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #ff9800; border-radius: 10px; padding: 14px; margin: 20px 0; background: #fff3e0;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u26a0\ufe0f \u0391\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0394\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u039d\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 (\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 DI \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc)<\/strong>: \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 ~<strong>10\u201312 mmol\/L\/24h<\/strong> (\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bf\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> (\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 dDAVP \u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd): \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf <strong>Na \u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>7.4 \u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03a0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\/\u0392\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03b7<\/strong>: \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 Na\/\u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2\u00b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0397\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9<\/strong>: \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cd\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\u00b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 dDAVP.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af<\/strong>: \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u00ab\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u00bb \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf (DI \u2192 SIADH \u2192 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 DI)\u00b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03af \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 Na\/\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- TLDR --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83d\udccc TL;DR (mobile)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>CDI<\/strong> = \u2193 ADH \u2192 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 <strong>\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>NDI<\/strong> = \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 V2\/AQP2 \u2192 <strong>\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/strong> \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 + <strong>\u03b8\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\/\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\/NSAID<\/strong> + \u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd.<\/li>\n<li>\u0397 <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 <em>CDI<\/em> vs <em>\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 <strong>\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong> (\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #555; margin-top: 18px;\"><em>\u0395\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u2013 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1. \u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"adh-siadh\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\ud83c\udf0a \u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u0391\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u0388\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 ADH (SIADH)<\/h2>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf <strong>SIADH<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 <strong>ADH<\/strong> \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <em>\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1<\/em> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7<br \/>\n<strong>\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong>, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae <strong>\u03b5\u03c5\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>. \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9<br \/>\n<strong>\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5 \u00ab\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u00bb \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Key features card --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #1976d2; background: #e3f2fd; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 14px 0;\">\n<p><strong>\u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bb (\u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5 <strong>P<sub>osm<\/sub>&lt;275 mOsm\/kg<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>U<sub>osm<\/sub>&gt;100 mOsm\/kg<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>U<sub>Na<\/sub>&gt;30\u201340 mmol\/L<\/strong> (\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 Na).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0395\u03c5\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bf\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\/\u03b1\u03c6\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7).<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 <strong>\u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2\/\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> &amp; <strong>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2\/\u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>8.1 \u0391\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/h3>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 12px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\udde0 \u039a\u039d\u03a3<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u039b\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\/\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1), \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1, \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9, \u03a3\u039a\u03a0.<\/li>\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <strong>\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf<\/strong> (\u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\/\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2\/\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\ud83e\udec1 \u03a0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, \u03c6\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ac\u03c3\u03b8\u03bc\u03b1\/\u039c\u0395\u0398, \u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\uddec \u039a\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1<\/strong> (\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b7 ADH).<\/li>\n<li>\u039a\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2\/\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ae\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, GU, \u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba.\u03ac.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\ud83d\udc8a \u03a6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>SSRIs\/SNRIs<\/strong>, \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\/\u039f\u03be\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong>, \u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03ba\u03cc.<\/li>\n<li>\u039a\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 (IV), \u03b2\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03c7\u03bb\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li>\u0394\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1), <strong>NSAIDs<\/strong> (\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 ADH).<\/li>\n<li><strong>MDMA<\/strong>, \u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\uddea \u0386\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\/\u0395\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1<\/strong>, <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03bc\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 SIADH).<\/li>\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\/\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1: HIV, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>8.2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 &amp; \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b2\u03b1<\/h3>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; margin: 12px 0;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 800px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">SIADH<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">P<sub>Na<\/sub> \/ P<sub>osm<\/sub><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac<\/strong> (&lt;135 mmol\/L \/ &lt;275 mOsm\/kg)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">U<sub>osm<\/sub><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>&gt;100 mOsm\/kg<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u00ab\u0391\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u00bb \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">U<sub>Na<\/sub><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>&gt;30\u201340 mmol\/L<\/strong> (\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc Na \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4.)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 Na \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c5\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039f\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bf\u03be\u03cd\/\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac <strong>\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac<\/strong> (\u2191 FE urate)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 <em>cerebral salt wasting<\/em>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u038c\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u0395\u03c5\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bf\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\/\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Differential --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #4caf50; background: #e8f5e9; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<p><strong>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (pattern):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/strong> (\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9, \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac): U<sub>osm<\/sub>&gt;100, U<sub>Na<\/sub> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bb., \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/strong> (\u039a\u0391\/\u039a\u0397\/\u03a7\u039d\u0391): \u03bf\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae ADH \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u2193 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae U<sub>osm<\/sub>&lt;100<\/strong>: \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\/\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd (\u03c0.\u03c7. <em>beer potomania<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cerebral salt wasting<\/strong>: <em>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/em>, \u2191 U<sub>Na<\/sub>, \u2191 FE urate \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 <em>\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9<\/em> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>8.3 \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u2013 \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9: <strong>\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 Na<\/strong>, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Severity-based --><\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 12px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83c\udd98 \u039f\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\/\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae (\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af, \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7)<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>3% NaCl bolus<\/strong> ~100 mL \u03c3\u03b5 10\u2032, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 2\u20133 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 <strong>+4\u20136 mmol\/L<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03ae \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 Na (\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac 2\u20134 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2), \u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\u00b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b5\u03af, <strong>dDAVP + \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03cd\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1<\/strong> (re-lowering).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\ude10 \u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\/\u0389\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1-\u039c\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong> (FR) \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong> (NaCl \u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u00b1 <em>loop<\/em> \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039f\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1<\/strong> (\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2).<\/li>\n<li><strong>V2-\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b2\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7) \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Fluid restriction guide --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #ff9800; background: #fff3e0; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<p><strong>\u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03a5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd (FR);<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf <strong>(U<sub>Na<\/sub>+U<sub>K<\/sub>)\/P<sub>Na<\/sub><\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>&gt;1 \u21d2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1 \u2192 <strong>FR \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03c0.\u03c7. &lt;500 mL\/\u03b7\u03bc.) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac <strong>\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9<\/strong> \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/li>\n<li>0.5\u20131 \u21d2 <strong>FR 0.8\u20131.0 L\/\u03b7\u03bc.<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li>&lt;0.5 \u21d2 <strong>FR 1\u20131.5 L\/\u03b7\u03bc.<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>U<sub>osm<\/sub>&gt;500 mOsm\/kg<\/strong> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 FR \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Options table --><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; margin: 12px 0;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 860px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u039c\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2\/\u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039c\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0389\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf-\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf SIADH \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u00b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>NaCl \u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u00b1 <strong>loop<\/strong> (\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd + \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc TAL<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u039f\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03c0.\u03c7. 15\u201330 g 1\u20132\u00d7\/\u03b7\u03bc.)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (aquaresis)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf SIADH, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd FR \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u00b7 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u2212 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>Vaptans<\/strong> (\u03c0.\u03c7. <em>tolvaptan<\/em>)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 <strong>V2<\/strong> \u2192 aquaresis (\u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>\u00b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 Na. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">3% NaCl (\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a4\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 Na \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\/\u03bf\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af, \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03a0<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>Bolus<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u00b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 Na\u00b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-ADH \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 <strong>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong>\u00b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03af\u03c1\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03a7\u039d\u0391.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Safety box --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #d32f2f; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; margin: 18px 0; background: #ffebee;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udea8 \u0391\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0394\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u039d\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5 <strong>+4\u20136 mmol\/L<\/strong> \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li>\u039c\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 <strong>8\u201310 mmol\/L \u03c3\u03b5 24 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03ae \u22646 mmol\/L \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 ODS).<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af: <strong>\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> + \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03cd\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1 (\u03c0.\u03c7. D5W) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <em>re-lowering<\/em> \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Practical pitfalls --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #9c27b0; background: #f8e9ff; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<p><strong>\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u0399\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 (0.9%) \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong> \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 <strong>\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9<\/strong> SIADH (\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u00abdesalination\u00bb).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\/\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u2192 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae.<\/li>\n<li>\u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1<\/strong> &amp; <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc<\/strong> \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 SIADH.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1<\/strong> (SSRIs, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba.\u03ac.): \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Algorithm --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #4caf50; background: #e8f5e9; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<p><strong>Mini-\u0391\u03bb\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 SIADH (\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf: P<sub>osm<\/sub>&lt;275, U<sub>osm<\/sub>&gt;100, U<sub>Na<\/sub>&gt;30\u201340, \u03b5\u03c5\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af.<\/li>\n<li>\u0388\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 (\u039a\u039d\u03a3, \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, <em>\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 <strong>(U<sub>Na<\/sub>+U<sub>K<\/sub>)\/P<sub>Na<\/sub><\/strong> \u2192 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 <strong>FR<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 FR \u03ae U<sub>osm<\/sub>&gt;500 \u2192 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 <strong>NaCl tabs \u00b1 loop<\/strong> <em>\u03ae<\/em> <strong>\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0395\u03c0\u03af \u03b5\u03bc\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2\/\u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 Na \u2192 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 <strong>vaptan<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 Na, K, \u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2\u00b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<h3>8.4 \u03a0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac, \u0397\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9, \u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\/Na \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0397\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9<\/strong>: \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 (\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1, \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd)\u00b7 \u03ae\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039d\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf-\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af<\/strong>: \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <em>cerebral salt wasting<\/em> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 (\u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2\/\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- TLDR --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83d\udccc TL;DR (mobile)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>SIADH<\/strong> = \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, <strong>U<sub>osm<\/sub>&gt;100<\/strong>, <strong>U<sub>Na<\/sub>&gt;30\u201340<\/strong>, <strong>\u03b5\u03c5\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd, \u2191 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd (NaCl\/\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1), \u00b1 loop.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/strong>: 3% NaCl bolus \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u00b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vaptans<\/strong>: \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #555; margin-top: 18px;\"><em>\u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1. \u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"farmaka\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\ud83d\udc8a \u03a6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH (\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7)<\/h2>\n<p>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 <strong>\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH \u03ae\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 <strong>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd.<br \/>\n\u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 SIADH (\u2191 ADH \u03ae \u2191 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1) \u03ae \u03c9\u03c2<br \/>\n<strong>\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> (\u2193 ADH \u03ae <em>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/em> \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf).<\/p>\n<p><!-- Summary cards --><\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 12px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 300px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u2b06\ufe0f \u0391\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd ADH \u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">SSRIs\/SNRIs, \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\/\u03bf\u03be\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 (IV),<br \/>\n\u03c7\u03bb\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7, MDMA, \u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae (\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\/\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2), <strong>NSAIDs<\/strong> (\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 300px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u2b07\ufe0f \u039c\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd ADH \u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u0391\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cc\u03bb (\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae), <strong>\u03bb\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf<\/strong> (\u2193 AQP2), \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u0392,<br \/>\n\u03c3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 (\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7), <strong>vaptans<\/strong> (V2-\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Big responsive table --><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 920px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\/\u03a6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u039c\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 ADH<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>SSRIs\/SNRIs<\/strong>, \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u2191 ADH \u03ae \u2191 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">SIADH \u2192 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> (\u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2\/\u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0388\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 Na \u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b5 1\u20132 \u03b5\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\/\u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u2191 ADH, \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\/\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">SIADH\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c5\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \/ \u039f\u03be\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 ADH \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u2191 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">SIADH (\u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ae \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 Na \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae\/\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 (IV), <em>\u03b2\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/em>, \u03c7\u03bb\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 ADH \u03ae \u2191 \u03ad\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 AQP2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039f\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0399\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\/Na \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u039f\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae<\/strong> (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03af\u03bd\u03b7), <strong>\u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\/\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0388\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u2191 ADH \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2\/\u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">SIADH pattern<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 Na<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>NSAIDs<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2193 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u2192 <strong>\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 ADH<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \/ \u2193 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 NDI<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ce \u03c3\u03b5 \u03a7\u039d\u0391\/\u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u0391\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cc\u03bb (\u03b1\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae<\/strong> \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 ADH<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03c6\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 DI\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u039b\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2193 \u03ad\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 <em>AQP2<\/em> \u2192 <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 DI (\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7<\/strong>, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\/Na\/K<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0386\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-ADH \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\/\u2191 Na (\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf SIADH)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2\u00b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03af\u03c1\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03a7\u039d\u0391<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03bc\u03c6\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u0392, \u03c3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2192 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 DI \/ \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>Vaptans<\/strong> (tolvaptan, conivaptan)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 <strong>V2<\/strong> \u2192 <em>aquaresis<\/em><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 Na \u03c3\u03b5 SIADH (\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>; \u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b2\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7: \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u0394\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (dDAVP)<\/strong>, \u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03be\u03c9\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 V2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7 \u00abas needed\u00bb &amp; \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 Na<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Practical checklist --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #1976d2; background: #e3f2fd; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<p><strong>Medication checklist \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li>\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 <strong>\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7<\/strong> \u03ae <strong>\u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 2\u20134 \u03b5\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2;<\/li>\n<li>\u039b\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7 <strong>\u03bb\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong> \u03ae \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2; \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\/\u03bd\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2;<\/li>\n<li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7 <strong>\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> (\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 IV, \u03b2\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7);<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>NSAIDs<\/strong> \u03ae \u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd; \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 <strong>\u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li>\u0395\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae vaptans.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Decision hints --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 16px; background: #fafafa; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\udded \u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac Tips \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px; margin: 0;\">\n<li><strong>Drug-induced SIADH<\/strong>: \u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc, <strong>\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c8\u03c4\u03b5\/\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5<\/strong> \u03c4\u03bf \u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u00b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 <strong>\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u2191 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd (NaCl\/\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039b\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf-\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 NDI<\/strong>: \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 <strong>\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>NSAIDs<\/strong>: \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u00ab\u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u00bb \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 SIADH\u0387 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd <em>\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<\/em> \u03c3\u03b5 NDI \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vaptans<\/strong>: \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 (\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2).<\/li>\n<li><strong>dDAVP<\/strong>: \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 <em>\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/em> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 <strong>\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1\/\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Mobile TLDR --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83d\udccc TL;DR (mobile)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>SIADH<\/strong> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac: SSRIs\/SNRIs, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\/\u03bf\u03be\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 IV, NSAIDs (\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2), \u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\/\u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae DI<\/strong> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\/\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd: \u03bb\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u0392, \u03c3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cc\u03bb<\/strong> \u2193 ADH \u2192 \u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. <strong>Vaptans<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 V2 \u2192 <em>aquaresis<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf <strong>\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #555; margin-top: 18px;\"><em>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u2013 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"adh-kai-egkymosyni\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\ud83e\udd30 ADH \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03b3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 \u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 <strong>\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd<br \/>\n\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <strong>ADH (\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2)<\/strong>. \u0399\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7<br \/>\n<strong>\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae vasopressinase<\/strong>, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b6\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1<br \/>\n\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7-\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7<\/strong> (gestational DI).<\/p>\n<p><!-- Quick facts --><\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 12px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 300px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udccc \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7;<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 &amp; GFR.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u00ab\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u00bb \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 (~<em>reset osmostat<\/em>): \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 P<sub>Na<\/sub>\/P<sub>osm<\/sub> \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/li>\n<li>\u0389\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>\u03bd\u03c5\u03c7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u2191 ADH<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03b4\u03af\u03c8\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 300px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\uddea Vasopressinase (\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 <strong>\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af<\/strong> \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae ADH.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <strong>2\u03bf\u20133\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03bf<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0394\u03b5\u03bd<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7 <strong>\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (dDAVP)<\/strong> \u2192 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>10.1 \u039a\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7-\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u0386\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (Gestational DI)<\/h3>\n<p>\u039f\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 vasopressinase<\/strong> (\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae<br \/>\n\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc \u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b6\u03cd\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5). \u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 <em>\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9<\/em> \u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1<br \/>\n\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc DI.<\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 10px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 340px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u2013\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>, \u03bd\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd.<\/li>\n<li>\u0395\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc.<\/li>\n<li>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <strong>2\u03bf\u20133\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03bf<\/strong>; \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 340px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u0394\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae <strong>U<sub>osm<\/sub><\/strong> (&lt;300 mOsm\/kg) \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb.\/\u2191 <strong>P<sub>Na<\/sub>\/P<sub>osm<\/sub><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2, <strong>\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 <em>\u03ae<\/em> \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0399\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 <strong>\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 ADH \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 vasopressinase.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>10.2 \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 &amp; \u0391\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1<\/h3>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; margin: 12px 0;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 820px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2\/\u03a3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u0394\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (dDAVP)<\/strong> \u2013 1\u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 vasopressinase\u00b7 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\/\u03bd\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>Na \u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\/\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u00b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 <strong>\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c6\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u00ab\u03b4\u03af\u03c8\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03cc\u00bb + \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae <strong>\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cc\u03bb<\/strong> \/ <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u0390\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03b1\u03c6\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0399\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03cd\u03c0\u03bd\u03bf \u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>\u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03bd\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0397\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u2191 vasopressinase \u2192 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 DI<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\/\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Practical box --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #1976d2; background: #e3f2fd; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<p><strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 dDAVP \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd: <strong>\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/strong> \u03ae <strong>\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong>\u00b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 <em>\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 <strong>\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 <strong>Na \u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\/\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bb\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1, \u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>10.3 \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf <strong>gestational DI \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9<\/strong> \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd-\u03b5\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 vasopressinase.<\/li>\n<li>\u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>dDAVP<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae <strong>\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 <strong>\u03b5\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd<\/strong>, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc DI<\/strong> (MRI \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>10.4 \u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03ae <strong>\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03af\u03b1\/\u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>: \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 vasopressinase.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\/\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 <strong>\u2191 ADH<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u2192 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0398\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03bd\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 dDAVP\u00b7 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\/Na.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- Safety box --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #ff9800; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; margin: 18px 0; background: #fff3e0;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u26a0\ufe0f \u0391\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03a5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd &amp; \u039d\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae <strong>\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> \u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 (&gt;8\u201310 mmol\/L\/24h\u00b7 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c6\u03bb\u03ad\u03b2\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac<\/strong> \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\/\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\/\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- TLDR --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83d\udccc TL;DR (mobile)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u0397 <strong>vasopressinase<\/strong> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 <strong>gestational DI<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 2\u03bf\u20133\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03bf.<\/li>\n<li>\u0397 <strong>\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 (\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 vasopressinase).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2: \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7 &amp; <strong>\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 Na<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc\u00b7 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf CDI<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #555; margin-top: 18px;\"><em>\u0395\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u2013 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"adh-kai-nefroi\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f ADH \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/h2>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u00ab\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03cc\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u00bb \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <strong>ADH<\/strong> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <strong>\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5<br \/>\n<strong>\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong>. \u0397 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1,<br \/>\n\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u00ab\u03c5\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u00bb \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Overview cards --><\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 12px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\udded \u039a\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u0398\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u0394\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1<\/strong> (V2) \u2192 <strong>AQP2<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7, \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 <strong>AQP3\/4<\/strong> \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0388\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2<\/strong> \u2192 \u2191 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 <strong>\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> (UT-A1\/UT-A3) \u2192 \u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7 Henle (TAL)<\/strong> \u2192 \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>NKCC2\/ROMK<\/strong> \u2192 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u00abcountercurrent\u00bb.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd (vasa recta)<\/strong> \u2192 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\/\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u00ab\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u00bb \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udcd0 \u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cd\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u03a3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 ADH, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd ~<strong>800\u20131200 mOsm\/kg<\/strong> (\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd), \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae ADH \u03c0\u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd &lt;<strong>100 mOsm\/kg<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Site-by-site table --><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; margin: 14px 0;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 900px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u0398\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2\/\u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 ADH (V2)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc (\u03c6\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 &amp; \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">AQP2 (\u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae), AQP3\/4 (\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 cAMP\/PKA \u2192 <strong>\u03ad\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 AQP2<\/strong> + \u2191 \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03ad\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 H<sub>2<\/sub>O \u2192 <strong>\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cd\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0388\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">UT-A1 \/ UT-A3 (\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 medullary tonicity \u2192 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u00ab\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u00bb H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">TAL (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">NKCC2, ROMK, ClC-Kb<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u2191 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 NaCl \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf \u2192 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">Vasa recta (\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0388\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\/\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2193 \u00ab\u03be\u03ad\u03c0\u03bb\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u00bb \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u2192 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\ud83d\udd01 \u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u00abcountercurrent\u00bb \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac<\/h3>\n<ol style=\"padding-left: 20px;\">\n<li><strong>TAL<\/strong>: \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bb\u03b5\u03af <em>NaCl<\/em> \u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u2192 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 <strong>\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039b\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7<\/strong>: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u2192 <em>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc<\/em> \u03b2\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03cc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5 ADH: \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u00ab\u03c0\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u00bb AQP2 \u2192 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd <em>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc<\/em> \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039f\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> (UT-A1\/UT-A3): \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03b1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u2192 \u00ab<em>urea recycling<\/em>\u00bb, \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03cc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vasa recta<\/strong>: \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c9\u03c2 <em>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2<\/em> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7 \u00ab\u03be\u03b5\u03c0\u03bb\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u00bb \u03b7 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><!-- RAAS cross-talk --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #4caf50; background: #e8f5e9; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<p><strong>ADH \u00d7 RAAS: \u00ab\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03af\u00bb \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 II<\/strong>: \u2191 \u03b4\u03af\u03c8\u03b1 &amp; \u2191 ADH\u00b7 \u2191 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 Na \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03bb\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong>: \u2191 <em>ENaC<\/em> \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u2192 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 Na (\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <em>\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03c2<\/em> \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd).<\/li>\n<li><strong>ADH<\/strong>: \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf-\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf \u2191 H<sub>2<\/sub>O (AQP2) &amp; \u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u2192 <strong>\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc clearance \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac: \u03c3\u03b5 <em>\u039a\u0391\/\u03ba\u03b9\u03c1\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7<\/em> \u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 \u00ab\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2\u00bb \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac <strong>\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae ADH<\/strong> \u21d2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Clinical scenarios --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83e\uddea \u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u00ab\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u00bb \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/h3>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 12px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 340px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udeb1 \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u2191 ADH \u2192 AQP2 \u2192 U<sub>osm<\/sub> \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 (\u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac &gt;800 mOsm\/kg).<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03bd <strong>NDI<\/strong>: U<sub>osm<\/sub> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae ADH.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 340px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83c\udf7a \u00abLow-solute\u00bb \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u0390\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2\/Na (\u00abbeer potomania\u00bb) \u2192 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd.<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 <em>\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae ADH<\/em>, \u03bf \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 H<sub>2<\/sub>O \u2192 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 340px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udd01 \u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>Loop (\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7)<\/strong>: \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd <em>NKCC2<\/em> \u2192 \u00ab\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u00bb \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b7 \u2192 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae H<sub>2<\/sub>O (\u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf SIADH \u03bc\u03b5 NaCl).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0398\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong>: \u2191 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae Na \u2192 \u03ae\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u2192 \u2191 ADH \u2192 <strong>\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Electrolyte-induced NDI --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #1976d2; background: #e3f2fd; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<p><strong>\u0397\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 &amp; \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 <em>NKCC2<\/em>\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 CaSR \u2192 \u2193 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd, \u2193 AQP2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>: \u2193 \u03ad\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 <em>AQP2<\/em> \u2192 <em>\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/em> \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1<\/strong>\/\u0394\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae: \u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u2192 \u2193 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cd\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a7\u039d\u0391<\/strong>: \u2193 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\/\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u2192 \u2193 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 <em>\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9<\/em> \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cd\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Mini math --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1px dashed #9c27b0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #f8e9ff; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\uddee \u00abFree water\u00bb \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u0397 ADH \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf <strong>C<sub>H2O<\/sub><\/strong> (clearance \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2) <strong>\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/strong> (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd).<br \/>\n\u039c\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae ADH, \u03c4\u03bf <strong>C<sub>H2O<\/sub><\/strong> \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/strong> (\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Clinical pearls --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #ff9800; border-radius: 10px; padding: 14px; margin: 18px 0; background: #fff3e0;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udca1 Clinical Pearls<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u0397 <strong>\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u00ab\u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2\u00bb \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH: \u2191 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u2192 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cd\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03b5\u03be \u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae <strong>\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf SIADH).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a4\u03bf <strong>loop<\/strong> + <strong>NaCl<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf SIADH \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u00ab\u03c1\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u00bb \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b7 TAL, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c9\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03b5 <strong>\u03a7\u039d\u0391<\/strong>, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 U<sub>osm<\/sub> \u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd ~500\u2013600 mOsm\/kg \u2192 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- TLDR --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83d\udccc TL;DR (mobile)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u0397 <strong>ADH<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 <strong>AQP2<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 <strong>\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> \u2192 \u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u2192 <strong>\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cd\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0397 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 <strong>RAAS<\/strong> \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\/Na \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u2193 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 (\u039a\u0391\/\u03ba\u03b9\u03c1\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Loop<\/strong> \u00ab\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9\u00bb \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf SIADH), \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd <em>\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/em> NDI.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"adh-kardia\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\ud83e\udec0 ADH \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03a3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1<\/h2>\n<p>\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 (V2), \u03b7 <strong>ADH\/\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9<br \/>\n\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd <strong>V1a<\/strong> \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 <em>\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c5\u03cc\u03c2<\/em> \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 <strong>\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9<br \/>\n\u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd <strong>\u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong>. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 <em>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\/\u03c3\u03bf\u03ba<\/em> \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<br \/>\n\u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 ADH \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf <strong>\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf<br \/>\n<strong>RAAS<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Receptor map --><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; margin: 14px 0;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 820px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u039a\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u0391\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>V1a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\/\u03c6\u03bb\u03b5\u03b2\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03b4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\/\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">Gq \u2192 PLC \u2192 IP<sub>3<\/sub>\/DAG \u2192 \u2191 Ca<sup>2+<\/sup><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 SVR\/\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf, <em>\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7<\/em> \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>V1b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 (HPA \u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">Gq \u2192 IP<sub>3<\/sub>\/DAG<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf-\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 (\u2191 ACTH\/\u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7) \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>V2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03bd\u03b4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\/\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">Gs \u2192 cAMP\/PKA<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 H<sub>2<\/sub>O), \u2191 vWF\/\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd VIII (\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- How it stabilizes blood pressure --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #4caf50; background: #e8f5e9; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<p><strong>\u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7;<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 V1a<\/strong> \u2192 \u2191 SVR \u2192 \u2191 \u039c\u0391\u03a0.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 V2<\/strong> \u2192 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u2192 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 <em>\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\/\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 II\u00b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac <em>\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9<\/em> \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039b\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 (\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b2-\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>12.1 ADH \u03c3\u03b5 \u03a3\u03bf\u03ba &amp; \u0392\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac \u03a5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 <strong>\u03c3\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03bf\u03ba<\/strong> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u00ab<em>\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/em>\u00bb \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<br \/>\n\u0397 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <em>\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd<\/em> \u03c9\u03c2 <strong>\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/strong> \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u0391\u03a0 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1<br \/>\n\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p><!-- ICU mini card --><\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 10px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\uddef \u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae (\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae) \u2013 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c2 <strong>add-on<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u039c\u0391\u03a0.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac <em>\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2<\/em> \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (<em>\u03c0.\u03c7.<\/em> 0.01\u20130.03 U\/min \u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u2013 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, <strong>\u03cc\u03c7\u03b9<\/strong> \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1: <strong>\u03cc\u03c7\u03b9<\/strong> \u03b2-\u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b7 \u2192 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #ffebee; background: #ffebee; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u26a0\ufe0f \u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u0399\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\/\u03b4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2\/\u03c3\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a3\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> (\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd (\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf<\/strong> (\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>12.2 \u03a3\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u039a\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u039a\u03af\u03c1\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 &amp; \u03a0\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03a5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/h3>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\/\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b1 <strong>\u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd<\/strong> \u03c4\u03b7 <strong>\u03c3\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/strong> \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 (V1a), \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae<br \/>\n\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf <strong>\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> (\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 V1-\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2) \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<br \/>\n\u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03ba\u03b9\u03c1\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2<\/strong> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <em>\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b9\u03c1\u03c3\u03ce\u03bd<\/em> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>HRS-AKI<\/strong><br \/>\n(\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u00ab\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u00bb \u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf).<\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #1976d2; background: #e3f2fd; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 14px 0;\">\n<p><strong>\u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u2192 \u2191 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 HRS (\u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03cc\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2).<\/li>\n<li>\u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 <strong>\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\/\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>\u00b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>12.3 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac &amp; \u03a3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03b1<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a3\u03b5 <strong>\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong> \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u0391\u03a0 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u00b7<br \/>\n<em>\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5<\/em> \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03b5 <strong>\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong> \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2: \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 <strong>\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c5\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2,<br \/>\n\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03a3\u039d.<\/li>\n<li>\u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b2-\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u2192 <strong>\u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b7<br \/>\n\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- Hemostasis side-note --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1px dashed #9c27b0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #f8e9ff; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\ude78 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7: \u0391\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u0397 <strong>\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (dDAVP)<\/strong> \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 V2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>vWF\/\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 VIII<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1<br \/>\n\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 Weibel\u2013Palade \u2192 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 <em>\u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf von Willebrand<\/em>\/\u03ae\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u0391.<br \/>\n\u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 <em>\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/em> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Practical pearls --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #ff9800; border-radius: 10px; padding: 14px; margin: 18px 0; background: #fff3e0;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udca1 Clinical Pearls<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf <strong>\u03c3\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03bf\u03ba<\/strong>, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 <em>\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/em> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u039c\u0391\u03a0, \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 <strong>\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/strong> \u2192 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf <strong>\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03c3\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bd\u03b1\/\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\/\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> (\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\/\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03b5 <strong>\u03ba\u03b9\u03c1\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2<\/strong>, \u03c4\u03b1 V1-\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b1 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7) \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <em>\u03ba\u03b9\u03c1\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/em>\/HRS \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- TLDR --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83d\udccc TL;DR (mobile)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>V1a<\/strong> \u2192 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u2191 SVR\/\u039c\u0391\u03a0\u00b7 <strong>V2<\/strong> \u2192 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 &amp; \u2191 vWF\/VIII.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c2 <strong>add-on<\/strong> \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03bf\u03ba, \u03bc\u03b5 <strong>\u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9: <strong>\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> (\u03c3\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bd\u03b1\/\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\/\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03b1) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03ba\u03b9\u03c1\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>HRS-AKI<\/strong> (\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 + \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #555; margin-top: 18px;\"><em>\u03a0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u2013 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"adh-psixi\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\ud83e\udde0 ADH (\u0392\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a8\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03a5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/h2>\n<p>\u03a0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b7 <strong>\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c9\u03c2 <strong>\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><br \/>\n\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 <strong>\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong>, <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac<\/strong>, <strong>\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1<\/strong><br \/>\n\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <strong>V1a\/V1b<\/strong> \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5<br \/>\n\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b3\u03b4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae, \u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Quick map --><\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 12px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\udded \u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03bc\u03c5\u03b3\u03b4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae<\/strong>: \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c6\u03cc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\/\u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 (V1a).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 &amp; \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (V1b\/V1a).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0399\u03c0\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7\/\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 (V1a).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\uddec \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 &amp; \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>V1a<\/strong>: Gq\/PLC \u2192 IP<sub>3<\/sub>\/DAG \u2192 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\/\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V1b<\/strong>: \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>HPA<\/strong> (\u2191 ACTH) \u2192 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>13.1 ADH, \u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0386\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2<\/h3>\n<p>\u0397 ADH \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 <strong>CRH<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 <strong>HPA<\/strong>, \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<br \/>\n<strong>ACTH<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u2019 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<br \/>\nV1b \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 <strong>\u03b1\u03b3\u03c7\u03ce\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/strong> \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u039f\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b7: \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae (\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1<\/strong> \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b7: \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2\/\u03cd\u03c0\u03bd\u03bf\/\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>13.2 \u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u0394\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 &amp; \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c9\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7) \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03b6\u03b5\u03c5\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong>, <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<br \/>\n\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\/\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong>. \u0397 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 <em>\u03bf\u03be\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u2013\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/em> \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<br \/>\n\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03b3\u03b9\u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u0397 <strong>V1a<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 <em>\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae<\/em> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <em>\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03ad\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 V1a<\/strong> \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bb\u03b1 <em>\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>13.3 \u0394\u03b9\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7, \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03bb\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 &amp; \u0391\u03cb\u03c0\u03bd\u03af\u03b1<\/h3>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 HPA \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>ADH\/V1b<\/strong> \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af<br \/>\n\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03bb\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03b1\u03b3\u03c7\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong>. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd V1b<br \/>\n\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03b1 (<em>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2<\/em>) \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>\u03b1\u03b3\u03c7\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong><br \/>\n\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>\u03b1\u03cb\u03c0\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>13.4 ADH, \u0395\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 &amp; \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae<\/h3>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd <strong>\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2\u2013\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b3\u03b4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u2013\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b4\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc) \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 ADH \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1<br \/>\n\u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 <strong>\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2<\/strong> \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <em>\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/em> (stress relief).<br \/>\n\u0397 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Clinical relevance --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #1976d2; background: #e3f2fd; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<p><strong>\u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (\u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\/\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 V1b<\/strong>: \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\/\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 <em>\u03b1\u03b3\u03c7\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/em> \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 HPA \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cd\u03c0\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong>: \u03b7 ADH \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 <em>\u03ba\u03b9\u03c1\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/em> \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03bd\u03c5\u03c7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u2191) \u2013 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03bd\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\/\u03b1\u03cb\u03c0\u03bd\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039f\u03be\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 vs \u0392\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong>: \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 <em>\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em> \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Safety\/limits --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #ff9800; border-radius: 10px; padding: 14px; margin: 18px 0; background: #fff3e0;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u26a0\ufe0f \u038c\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u0393\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 &amp; \u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <strong>\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\/\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong> \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1\u00b7 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae.<\/li>\n<li>\u0397 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 ADH \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 <strong>\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\/\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 (\u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2).<\/li>\n<li>\u0397 <strong>\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bd\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u00b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c0\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 <em>\u03bd\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/em> \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 Na.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- TLDR --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83d\udccc TL;DR (mobile)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u0397 ADH (\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 <strong>V1a\/V1b<\/strong>) \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 <strong>\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong>, <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong>, <strong>\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03cd\u03c0\u03bd\u03bf<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 HPA\/ADH \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 <strong>\u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 <strong>\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03bb\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. <strong>V1b \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong>) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u2219 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #555; margin-top: 18px;\"><em>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1\u00b7 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 ADH\u2013\u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"therapeies\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\ud83e\ude7a \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\/\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 <strong>ADH\u2013\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<br \/>\n\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 DI), \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae<\/strong> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. SIADH), \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5<br \/>\n<strong>\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/strong> \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae<\/strong> \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Quick navigation cards --><\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 12px 0;\">\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin: 0 0 4px;\">\ud83d\udca7 \u0394\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (dDAVP)<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u0395\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 ADH \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc DI &amp; \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin: 0 0 4px;\">\ud83d\udeab Vaptans<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 V2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 SIADH (\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin: 0 0 4px;\">\ud83e\uddc2 \u039f\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \/ NaCl + Loop<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u0391\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd &amp; aquaresis.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin: 0 0 4px;\">\ud83d\udee1\ufe0f \u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u0391\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 Na<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u038c\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 &amp; re-lowering.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<hr style=\"margin: 16px 0; border: none; border-top: 1px solid #eee;\" \/>\n<p><!-- Desmopressin --><\/p>\n<section id=\"ddavp\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\">\n<h3>14.1 \u0394\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (dDAVP) \u2013 V2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>V2<\/strong>. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> (AQP2)<br \/>\n\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03b8\u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>vWF\/\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 VIII<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; margin: 10px 0;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 760px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u0388\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 DI<\/strong> (\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 &amp; \u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0388\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\/\u03bd\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd (\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\/\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\/SC). \u03a7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 <em>\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/em>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>Gestational DI<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 vasopressinase<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">dDAVP \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 (\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc vasopressinase).<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 Na \u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\"><strong>\u0391\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> (vWF\/\u03ae\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1 A)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u2191 vWF\/VIII \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u0395\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\/IV \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\u00b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #1976d2; background: #e3f2fd; padding: 12px 14px; border-radius: 10px; margin-top: 10px;\">\n<p><strong>Tips \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 dDAVP:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b5\/\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1\/\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<\/strong> (\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li>\u0388\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 <strong>Na \u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <strong>\u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> \u03ae \u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd <em>\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bb\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1, \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong> 6\u20138 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- Vaptans --><\/p>\n<section id=\"vaptans\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\">\n<h3>14.2 Vaptans (\u03c0.\u03c7. Tolvaptan, Conivaptan) \u2013 \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 V2<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd <strong>aquaresis<\/strong> (\u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2) <em>\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2<\/em> \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 Na, \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf PNa \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<br \/>\n\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac <strong>SIADH<\/strong> \u03ae <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong>. \u03a7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong>: \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u2191 Na, \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9<\/strong>: <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> Na (\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd), \u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 (tolvaptan \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7), \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\/\u03b4\u03af\u03c8\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong>: \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf <strong>\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc FR<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\u00b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03af \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 Na\/K\/Cr \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 24\u201348 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- Urea \/ NaCl + loop --><\/p>\n<section id=\"solutes\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\">\n<h3>14.3 \u0391\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd: \u039f\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 &amp; NaCl + Loop<\/h3>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\uddea \u039f\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u0391\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf <strong>\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf<\/strong> \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u2192 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 <em>aquaresis<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>\u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf SIADH<\/strong> \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf FR \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u0398\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\u00b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83e\uddc2 NaCl \u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u00b1 <em>Loop<\/em><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>NaCl<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u2192 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae H<sub>2<\/sub>O.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b7<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <em>medullary gradient<\/em> \u2192 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>\u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong>\u00b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- DI therapies --><\/p>\n<section id=\"di-therapies\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\">\n<h3>14.4 \u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 DI \u2013 \u03a6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong>: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\/\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 <em>\u03bb\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5<\/em>, \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0398\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong>: \u00ab\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03be\u03b7\u00bb \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (\u2191 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2). \u0388\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 Na\/K\/Cr.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7<\/strong>: \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bb\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf-\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf NDI (\u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf Li<sup>+<\/sup> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li><strong>NSAIDs<\/strong> (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7): \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u2192 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd ADH\u00b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ce (\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\/\u0393\u0395\u03a3 \u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0394\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong> (\u2193 Na &amp; \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u0390\u03bd\u03b7): \u2193 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- Safety protocols --><\/p>\n<section id=\"protocols\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\">\n<h3>14.5 \u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u0391\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0394\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u039d\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5<\/h3>\n<div style=\"border-left: 6px solid #ff9800; background: #fff3e0; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 10px 0;\">\n<p><strong>\u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 8px 0 0 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5 <strong>+4\u20136 mmol\/L<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li>\u039c\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 <strong>8\u201310 mmol\/L<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 24 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 (\u22646 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <em>ODS<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong> PNa (\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac 2\u20134 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83c\udd98 \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 (\u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\/\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae)<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>3% NaCl bolus<\/strong> ~100 mL\/10\u2032, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 2\u20133 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae +4\u20136 mmol\/L.<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\u00b7 <strong>dDAVP + D5W<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bd \u03be\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 (<em>controlled re-lowering<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03b5 SIADH: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7, <strong>FR<\/strong> \u00b1 <strong>\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\/NaCl+loop<\/strong> \u03ae <strong>vaptan<\/strong> \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udca6 \u03a5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong> &amp; \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 <em>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/em> \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac.<\/li>\n<li>\u039c\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc ~<strong>10\u201312 mmol\/L\/24h<\/strong> (\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bf\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03b5 <strong>CDI\/NDI<\/strong>: \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <em>\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1<\/em> (dDAVP \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 CDI, \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 NDI).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- Patient education --><\/p>\n<section id=\"education\" style=\"margin-bottom: 14px;\">\n<h3>14.6 \u0395\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u0391\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 &amp; \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>\u03a3\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 (dDAVP vs vaptan vs FR).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 <strong>Na\/K\/Cr<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <strong>\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03ba\u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1, \u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03b4\u03af\u03c8\u03b1, \u03b1\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1, \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac).<\/li>\n<li>\u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd ADH (SSRIs, \u03bb\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf, NSAIDs \u03ba.\u03ac.).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- TLDR --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83d\udccc TL;DR (mobile)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li><strong>dDAVP<\/strong> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc DI<\/strong> (&amp; \u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7) \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SIADH<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 <strong>FR<\/strong> \u00b1 <strong>\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03ae <strong>NaCl+loop<\/strong>; <strong>vaptans<\/strong> \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 DI<\/strong>: \u03b1\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 + <strong>\u03b8\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\/\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7<\/strong> (\u00b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 NSAID) + \u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 Na<\/strong>: \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc +4\u20136 mmol\/L \u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2\u00b7 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 &gt;8\u201310 mmol\/L\/24h (\u22646 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #555; margin-top: 18px;\"><em>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2\u00b7 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"adh-toc\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\ud83d\udcf2 Mobile TOC &amp; Cheatsheets<\/h2>\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 <strong>\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9<br \/>\n\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac <strong>\u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 cheatsheets<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH. \u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9, \u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<br \/>\n\u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p><!-- Collapsible TOC --><\/p>\n<details style=\"margin: 14px 0; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; padding: 10px; background: #fafafa;\">\n<summary style=\"font-weight: bold; font-size: 18px; cursor: pointer;\">\ud83d\udcd6 \u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (TOC)<\/summary>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 10px; padding-left: 20px; line-height: 1.6;\">\n<li><a href=\"#intro\">1. \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 ADH<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#synthesis\">2. \u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 &amp; \u0388\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#receptors\">3. \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 &amp; \u039c\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#water-balance\">4. ADH &amp; \u0399\u03c3\u03bf\u03b6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf \u038e\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#osmotic\">5. \u03a9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac &amp; \u039c\u03b7 \u03a9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u0395\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#diabetes-insipidus\">6. \u0386\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#hyponatremia\">7. \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 &amp; ADH<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#adh-siadh\">8. \u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u0391\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u0388\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 ADH (SIADH)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#farmaka\">9. \u03a6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#adh-kai-egkymosyni\">10. ADH &amp; \u0395\u03b3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#adh-kai-nefroi\">11. ADH &amp; \u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#adh-kardia\">12. ADH &amp; \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#adh-psixi\">13. ADH &amp; \u03a8\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03a5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#therapeies\">14. \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#adh-toc\">15. Mobile TOC &amp; Cheatsheets<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n<p><!-- Cheatsheets --><\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 300px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fefefe;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u26a1 Quick Facts<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px; margin: 0;\">\n<li><strong>ADH<\/strong> = \u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V1a<\/strong>: \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V1b<\/strong>: HPA \u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2).<\/li>\n<li><strong>V2<\/strong>: \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 (AQP2), \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 (vWF\/VIII).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u039a\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong>: \u2191 \u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u2193 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 300px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fefefe;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udd2c \u0394\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px; margin: 0;\">\n<li><strong>SIADH<\/strong>: \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1, \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc P<sub>osm<\/sub>, U<sub>osm<\/sub> &gt;100, U<sub>Na<\/sub>&gt;30, \u03b5\u03c5\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>CDI<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae U<sub>osm<\/sub>, <em>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/em> \u03c3\u03b5 dDAVP.<\/li>\n<li><strong>NDI<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae U<sub>osm<\/sub>, <em>\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/em> \u03c3\u03b5 dDAVP.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 300px; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; background: #fefefe;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udee0\ufe0f \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px; margin: 0;\">\n<li><strong>dDAVP<\/strong> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 CDI, gestational DI, \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SIADH<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, NaCl+loop, vaptans.<\/li>\n<li><strong>NDI<\/strong>: \u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b4\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7, \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc Na\/\u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u0390\u03bd\u03b7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a3\u03bf\u03ba<\/strong>: \u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (V1a \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- TLDR --><\/p>\n<h3>\ud83d\udccc TL;DR \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03cc<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 18px;\">\n<li>ADH = \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u039a\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2: <strong>SIADH<\/strong>, <strong>\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> (\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2\/\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2), <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\/\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1: <strong>dDAVP<\/strong>, <strong>vaptans<\/strong>, <strong>\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>, <strong>NaCl+loop<\/strong>, <strong>\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u038c\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 Na: <strong>+4\u20136 mmol\/L \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong>, <strong>\u22648\u201310 mmol\/L\/24h<\/strong> (\u03ae \u22646 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #555; margin-top: 18px;\"><em>\u039f \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c8\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ADH \u03c3\u03b5 mobile-friendly \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"adh-faq\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\u2753 \u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u0395\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (FAQ)<\/h2>\n<details style=\"margin: 10px 0; border: 1px solid #eee; border-radius: 10px; padding: 10px;\">\n<summary><strong>1) \u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c9 ADH \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7;<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> (\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 AVP) \u03c3\u03b5 <em>\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/em> \u03ae <em>\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2<\/em> \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 (\u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf NaCl \u03ae \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03bd\u03b7), \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>CDI<\/strong> vs <strong>\u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong>. \u0394\u03b5\u03c2 <a href=\"#exetaseis\">Section 6<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"margin: 10px 0; border: 1px solid #eee; border-radius: 10px; padding: 10px;\">\n<summary><strong>2) \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 DI: \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7;<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>\u0397 <strong>\u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 CDI vs \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03c8\u03af\u03b1. \u0394\u03b5\u03c2 <a href=\"#exetaseis\">Section 6<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"margin: 10px 0; border: 1px solid #eee; border-radius: 10px; padding: 10px;\">\n<summary><strong>3) \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u00abarginine-stimulated copeptin test\u00bb;<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, <em>\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf<\/em> \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4: \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c6\u03bb\u03ad\u03b2\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2. \u03a7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae. \u0394\u03b5\u03c2 <a href=\"#exetaseis\">Section 6<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"margin: 10px 0; border: 1px solid #eee; border-radius: 10px; padding: 10px;\">\n<summary><strong>4) \u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd (FR) \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf SIADH;<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>\u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf <code>(U<sub>Na<\/sub>+U<sub>K<\/sub>)\/P<sub>Na<\/sub><\/code> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf FR\u00b7 \u03b1\u03bd &gt;1, \u03bf FR \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u2192 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5 <strong>\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03ae <strong>NaCl+loop<\/strong>. \u0394\u03b5\u03c2 <a href=\"#adh-siadh\">Section 8<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"margin: 10px 0; border: 1px solid #eee; border-radius: 10px; padding: 10px;\">\n<summary><strong>5) \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 Na;<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 <strong>+4\u20136 mmol\/L<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2\u00b7 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 &gt;<strong>8\u201310 mmol\/L\/24h<\/strong> (\u03ae \u22646 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 ODS). \u0394\u03b5\u03c2 <a href=\"#therapeies\">Section 14<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"margin: 10px 0; border: 1px solid #eee; border-radius: 10px; padding: 10px;\">\n<summary><strong>6) \u0394\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (dDAVP) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u2013 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03c9;<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>\u03a7\u03bf\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <em>\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7<\/em>, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac <strong>Na \u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong>, \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0394\u03b5\u03c2 <a href=\"#therapeies\">Section 14<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"margin: 10px 0; border: 1px solid #eee; border-radius: 10px; padding: 10px;\">\n<summary><strong>7) \u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 dDAVP \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7;<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>\u039d\u03b1\u03b9, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd <strong>gestational DI<\/strong> (\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 vasopressinase). \u0391\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 Na. \u0394\u03b5\u03c2 <a href=\"#adh-kai-egkymosyni\">Section 10<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"margin: 10px 0; border: 1px solid #eee; border-radius: 10px; padding: 10px;\">\n<summary><strong>8) \u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 vaptans \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf SIADH;<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b5\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\u00b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b2\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7). \u0394\u03b5\u03c2 <a href=\"#adh-siadh\">Section 8<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <a href=\"#therapeies\">Section 14<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"margin: 10px 0; border: 1px solid #eee; border-radius: 10px; padding: 10px;\">\n<summary><strong>9) \u039b\u03af\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf \u2192 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 DI: \u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9;<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>\u0391\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc <strong>\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\/\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/strong>, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd <strong>\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7<\/strong> (\u2193 \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 Li<sup>+<\/sup> \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 ENaC) \u00b1 <strong>\u03b8\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b4\u03b7<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03b5\u03c2 <a href=\"#adh-diabetes-insipidus\">Section 7<\/a> &amp; <a href=\"#therapeies\">Section 14<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"margin: 10px 0; border: 1px solid #eee; border-radius: 10px; padding: 10px;\">\n<summary><strong>10) \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 NDI;<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u00ab\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03be\u03b7\u00bb \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ae\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u2192 \u2191 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 &amp; \u2193 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"adh-biblio\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<section id=\"adh-biblio\" style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2>\ud83d\udcda \u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 (\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2)<\/h2>\n<ol style=\"padding-left: 20px; line-height: 1.6;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol style=\"padding-left: 20px; line-height: 1.6;\"><!-- \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 --><\/p>\n<li>Spasovski G, et al. <em>Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia<\/em>. Eur J Endocrinol. 2014;170(3):G1\u2013G47.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/article\/170\/3\/G1\/6668028\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Link<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Verbalis JG, et al. <em>Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of Hyponatremia: Expert Panel Recommendations<\/em>. Am J Med. 2013;126:S1\u2013S42.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amjmed.com\/article\/S0002-9343(13)00605-0\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PDF<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Fenske W, et al. <em>A Copeptin-Based Approach in the Diagnosis of Diabetes Insipidus<\/em>. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:428\u2013439.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1803760\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Link<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Winzeler B, et al. <em>Arginine-stimulated copeptin measurements in the differential diagnosis of diabetes insipidus<\/em>. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31303316\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PubMed<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Refardt J, et al. <em>Copeptin-based diagnosis of diabetes insipidus<\/em>. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32374887\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PubMed<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Moeller HB, et al. <em>Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: Essential Insights<\/em>. Kidney Int. 2013.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC3610677\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PMC<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Manchester NHS. <em>Arginine-stimulated Copeptin test (Adults) \u2013 Protocol<\/em>. 2023.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/mft.nhs.uk\/app\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Arginine-stimulated-Copeptin-test-for-Diabetes-Insipidus-Adults.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PDF<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Frontiers in Endocrinology. <em>Central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: updates<\/em>. 2024.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/endocrinology\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2024.1479764\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Link<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><!-- \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 --><\/p>\n<ol style=\"padding-left: 20px; line-height: 1.6;\">\n<li>\u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1. <em>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf:<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.endo.gr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.endo.gr<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1. <em>\u039d\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1: \u0394\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 &amp; \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u2013 \u039a\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u039d\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5<\/em>. \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1, 2022.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nephrology.gr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.nephrology.gr<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0395\u039f\u03a0\u03a5\u03a5 \u2013 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1. <em>\u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u0395\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 ADH\/\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 &amp; \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eopyy.gov.gr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.eopyy.gov.gr<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u0395\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 (\u03a3\u03cd\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u039a\u03a0\u0391). <em>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013 \u039d\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7: ADH &amp; \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2<\/em>. \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1, 2020.<\/li>\n<li>\u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u0391\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd. <em>\u0395\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0394\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf SIADH \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b7<\/em>. 2021.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iatriki.gr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.iatriki.gr<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #555;\"><em>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<h2 data-start=\"2263\" data-end=\"2436\" data-rm-block-id=\"block-190\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/katalogos-eksetaseon\/\"><strong>\u03a0\u0391\u03a4\u0397\u03a3\u03a4\u0395 \u0395\u0394\u03a9 \u0393\u0399\u0391 \u03a4\u039f\u039d \u03a0\u039b\u0397\u03a1\u0397 \u039a\u0391\u03a4\u0391\u039b\u039f\u0393\u039f \u0395\u039e\u0395\u03a4\u0391\u03a3\u0395\u03a9\u039d \u039c\u0391\u03a3 \u039a\u0391\u0399 \u0396\u0397\u03a4\u0397\u03a3\u03a4\u0395 \u039c\u0391\u03a3 \u0391\u03a5\u03a4\u039f \u03a0\u039f\u03a5 \u03a3\u0391\u03a3 \u0395\u039d\u0394\u0399\u0391\u03a6\u0395\u03a1\u0395\u0399 !!<\/strong><\/a><\/h2>\n<h2 data-rm-block-id=\"block-191\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/katalogos-eksetaseon\/\">https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/katalogos-eksetaseon\/<\/a><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud83d\udcd6 \u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (TOC) 1. \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 ADH 2. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae &amp; \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 3. \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 ADH &amp; \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 4. ADH &amp; \u0399\u03c3\u03bf\u03b6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf \u038e\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 5. \u03a9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac &amp; \u03bc\u03b7-\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 6. ADH &amp; \u0386\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 7. ADH &amp; \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 8. \u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u0391\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u0388\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 ADH (SIADH) 9. \u03a6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ADH 10. ADH &amp; \u0395\u03b3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 11. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":5118,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2534],"tags":[516,518,1573,1574,1572,1575,1576,848,437,513,1577],"class_list":["post-5113","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-exetaseis-aimatos","tag-adh","tag-siadh","tag-antidiouritiki-ormoni","tag-apoios-diavitis","tag-vazopresini","tag-desmopressini","tag-kopeptini","tag-nefroi","tag-ypothalamos","tag-yponatriaimia","tag-ypofysi"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5113","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5113"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5113\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5122,"href":"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5113\/revisions\/5122"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5118"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5113"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5113"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mikrobiologikolamia.gr\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5113"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}